- Procedure to convert a standalone database to RAC 11gR2
I have a single-instance database and I want to convert it to RAC with minimum downtime.
1 select *
2 from v$option
3* where lower(parameter) like '%real application cluster%'
SQL>
SQL> /
PARAMETER VALUE
---------------------------------------- --------------------
Real Application Clusters FALSE
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_blqqtxff_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_blqqtxfz_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_blqqtxg3_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_blqqtxgk_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_blqqwwj4_.dbf
SQL> sho parameters cluster
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cluster_database boolean FALSE
cluster_database_instances integer 1
cluster_interconnects string
SQL> !env | grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
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The first step is to enable RAC option by recompiling the binaries
(YOU HAVE TO STOP THE DATABASE FIRST!!!)
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ cat orcl.env
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
[oracle@lodzio lib]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib
[oracle@lodzio lib]$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk rac_on ioracle
rm -f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libskgxp11.so
cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib//libskgxpg.so /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libskgxp11.so
- Use stub SKGXN library
cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libskgxns.so /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libskgxn2.so
/usr/bin/ar d /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a ksnkcs.o
/usr/bin/ar cr /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/kcsm.o
chmod 755 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin
(...)
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After this operation I can startup instance and proceed to migration. The database can work in production mode.
Now I will set the location of the db_recovefile_dest parameter to target ASM diskgroup, to which I want migrate my database. I will also set parameters for OMF (for future files).
SQL> alter system
2 set db_recovery_file_dest='+DATA';
System altered.
SQL> alter system
2 set db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G;
System altered.
SQL> alter system
2 set db_create_file_dest='+DATA';
System altered.
SQL> alter system
2 set db_create_online_log_dest_1='+DATA';
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No I will create the script to make a snapshot copy of database files on the ASM diskgroup. In subsequent executions, the script will recover the copy of database with incremental backups. Exact description of this commands can be found here:
4.4.3 Incrementally Updated Backups: Rolling Forward Image Copy Backups
#!/bin/bash
rman target / << !
run {
backup for recover of copy with tag 'asm_migr' incremental level 1 database;
recover copy of database with tag 'asm_migr';
}
!
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Run the script appropriate number of times, depending on your database size and maintenance window policy.
In the next step I will shutdown the instance and execute final steps to migrate the database to ASM
Shutdown the instance:
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 16 12:28:47 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
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Create pfile from spfile after shutting down the instance. We will set appropriate parameters for RAC.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
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Remember to export ORACLE_SID to value related to instance name and not just database name – if database name is "orcl" then the instance name on the first node can be "orcl1″ and on the second node "orcl2″
export ORACLE_SID=orcl1
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ env | grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=orcl1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
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Adjust parameters in spfile and create spfile on ASM. Notice, that I have deleted CONTROL_FILES entry. I will use current controlfiles (not backup of controlfiles but actual controlfiles!!!) to transfer.
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='+DATA'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10737418240
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.nls_language='POLISH'
*.nls_territory='POLAND'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=838860800
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=2516582400
#### NEW PARAMETERS FOR RAC ####
orcl1.instance_number=1
orcl2.instance_number=2
orcl1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
orcl2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
orcl1.thread=1
orcl2.thread=2
*.cluster_database=true
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Now we will create new spfile, create audit dest location on the second node and use RMAN to transfer controlfiles to ASM
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ ssh miodzio "mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump"
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 16 12:46:24 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes
Fixed Size 2230952 bytes
Variable Size 603981144 bytes
Database Buffers 1879048192 bytes
Redo Buffers 20078592 bytes
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Now we will restore controlfile (remember to use the actual controlfile and not backup of the controlfile) and mount the database
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 16 13:07:19 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_blqqwp7y_.ctl';
Starting restore at 16-APR-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=8 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy
output file name=+DATA/orcl/controlfile/current.275.877180049
Finished restore at 16-APR-15
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
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Now I will create spfile in the final destination:
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
SQL> create spfile='+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora' from pfile;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: baza danych nie jest otwarta
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
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And now let’s create a pointer to spfile on ASM in pfile
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ rm spfileorcl1.ora
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ vim initorcl1.ora
[oracle@lodzio dbs]$ cat initorcl1.ora
spfile='+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora'
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Now we have to start the database in mount state, using new spfile:
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes
Fixed Size 2230952 bytes
Variable Size 620758360 bytes
Database Buffers 1862270976 bytes
Redo Buffers 20078592 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> sho parameters spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora
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and execute RMAN script once again to have a fresh COPY of database.
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ ./migrate_to_asm.sh
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 16 13:31:12 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1404716982, not open)
RMAN> 2> 3> 4>
Starting backup at 16-APR-15
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=71 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_blqqtxff_.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_blqqtxfz_.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_blqqwwj4_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_blqqtxg3_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_blqqtxgk_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-APR-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-APR-15
piece handle=+DATA/orcl/backupset/2015_04_16/nnndn1_asm_migr_0.277.877181473 tag=ASM_MIGR comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-APR-15
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-APR-15
piece handle=+DATA/orcl/backupset/2015_04_16/ncsnn1_asm_migr_0.278.877181479 tag=ASM_MIGR comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 16-APR-15
Starting recover at 16-APR-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile copies to recover
recovering datafile copy file number=00001 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.257.877176269
recovering datafile copy file number=00002 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.258.877176277
recovering datafile copy file number=00003 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.260.877176287
recovering datafile copy file number=00004 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.262.877176291
recovering datafile copy file number=00005 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.259.877176285
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +DATA/orcl/backupset/2015_04_16/nnndn1_asm_migr_0.277.877181473
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+DATA/orcl/backupset/2015_04_16/nnndn1_asm_migr_0.277.877181473 tag=ASM_MIGR
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 16-APR-15
RMAN>
Recovery Manager complete.
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And now we can switch database to fresh COPY and open the database.
RMAN> switch database to copy;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orcl/datafile/system.257.877176269"
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.258.877176277"
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.260.877176287"
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orcl/datafile/users.262.877176291"
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/orcl/datafile/example.259.877176285"
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 16-APR-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=63 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished recover at 16-APR-15
RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
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OK. We are almost done 🙂 Now it’s time to "move" redo logs to ASM
SQL> sho parameters db_create_online_log_dest_1
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_create_online_log_dest_1 string +DATA
SQL> alter database add logfile group 11 size 100m,
2 group 12 size 100m,
3 group 13 size 100m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1, group 2, group 3;
Database altered.
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_11.279.877182399
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_12.280.877182401
+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_13.281.877182401
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and create additional UNDO and REDO for second instance:
SQL> create undo tablespace UNDOTBS2
2 datafile size 256m
3 autoextend on next 128m
4 maxsize unlimited;
Tablespace created.
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 2
2 group 21 size 100m,
3 group 22 size 100m,
4 group 23 size 100m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database enable public thread 2;
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Only few steps to finish 🙂
Now we have to close the database
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
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regsiter database in a cluster
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ srvctl add database -d orcl -p +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl1 -n lodzio
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl2 -n miodzio
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and start the database!
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ srvctl start database -d orcl
[oracle@lodzio ~]$ srvctl status database -d orcl
Instance orcl1 is running on node lodzio
Instance orcl2 is running on node miodzio
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VOILA!!!